A Markov chain approximation of a segment description of chaos

We test a Markov chain approximation to the segment description (Li, 2007) of chaos (and turbulence) on a tent map, the Minea system, the Hénon map, and the Lorenz system. For the tent map, we compute the probability transition matrix of the Markov chain on the segments for segment time length (iterations) T = 1, 2, 3, 100. The matrix has 1, 2, 4 tents corresponding to T = 1, 2, 3; and is almost uniform for T = 100. As T → +∞, our conjecture is that the matrix will approach a uniform matrix (i.e. every entry is the same). For the simple fixed point attractor in the Minea system, the Reynolds average performs excellently and better than the maximal probability Markov chain and segment linking. But for the strange attractors in the Hénon map, and the Lorenz system, the Reynolds average performs very poorly and worse than the maximal probability Markov chain and segment linking.